Parotid Mass

A parotid mass is a lump or swelling in the parotid gland, which is the largest salivary (spit‑making) gland. The parotid glands are located just in front of and below each ear. In children, these lumps are often harmless (benign) and may be related to infections, inflammation or blocked saliva flow. A parotid mass may cause swelling, tenderness or changes in the shape of the face near the ear.

A child with a parotid mass may have a range of symptoms, depending on the cause of the swelling. Common signs and symptoms include:

• Swelling or a lump near the ear, jaw or side of the face
• Pain or tenderness in the swollen area, especially when eating
• Facial weakness (rare)
• Fever if the swelling is caused by an infection
• Dry mouth or trouble chewing
• Some children may have no pain and only mild swelling, which is often harmless

If symptoms change, worsen, or last longer than expected, a healthcare provider can help determine the cause and next steps.

A healthcare provider will use a combination of exams and tests to find out what is causing a parotid mass in a child. Diagnosis may include:

• Medical history and physical exam, including checking the size, firmness and location of the swelling
• Questions about symptoms, such as pain, fever, recent infections or how long the lump has been present
• Imaging tests, such as an ultrasound, to look at the parotid gland without causing pain
• Other imaging, like MRI or CT scans, if more detailed pictures are needed
• Blood tests if an infection or inflammation is suspected
• Biopsy or needle sample in rare cases, to examine the tissue more closely

These steps help the care team determine whether the mass is harmless or if further treatment is needed.

Treatment for a parotid mass in children depends on the cause, the child’s symptoms and whether the lump is harmless or needs medical care. Treatment may include:

• Watchful waiting, if the mass is small, painless and likely benign
• Antibiotics, if the swelling is caused by a bacterial infection
• Fluids, warm compresses and gentle massage to help relieve symptoms and improve saliva flow
• Pain or fever medicine, if needed
• Treatment of an underlying condition, such as inflammation or a blocked salivary duct
• Surgery, in rare cases, if the mass does not go away, causes problems or is suspected to be a tumor

A healthcare provider will work with the family to choose the safest and most appropriate treatment for the child.